Gas-making apparatus.



P. A. EMANUEL. GAS MAKING APPARATUS. APPLICATION FILED AUG. 2, 1909.

Patented May 24, 1910.

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L1 a:- 8/ J2 gwmwbo'c gwfl fla/ P. A. EMANUEL. GAS MAKING APPARATUS.APPLIUA'TION FILED AUG. 2, 1909.

Patented May 24, 1910.

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vwemtoz W 4%) 4/1 VMZ,, @Mowayq wi/lmmo PHILIP A. EMANUEL, OF AIKEN,SOUTH CAROLINA.

GAS-MAKING APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 24, 1910.

Application filed August 2, 1909. Serial N 0. 510,887.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, PHILIP A. EMANUEL, a citizen of the United States,residing at Aiken, in the county of Aiken and State of South Carolina,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Gas-MakingApparatus; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear,and exact description of the invention, such as will enable othersskilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to improvements in disti lation apparatus, and is aspecific improvement over my former Patent, No. 922,407 dated May 18,1909.

The special improvements over my prior patent include the provision of aperforated plate so arranged as to prevent the coal or other fuel fromgetting from the furnace into the retort, the provision of an asbestoscovering held in place by a Wire netting around the retort itself, andthe arrangement of the entire apparatus and suspending means, so thatthe apparatus may be moved bodily from one part of the plant to theother.

This invention is particularly adapted for making gas for fuel orlighting purposes from coals, oils, resins, or similar products, and forthe treatment of all kinds of clays, bauxite, corundum, and similarores, and in fact, is of general application in the process of makingsoda, a double sulfate of soda and alum, silica, aluminum fluorid,metallic sodium, aluminum, gas, coke, gas retort carbon, and for manyother purposes.

The ob ect of my invention is to provide a simple apparatus, suitablefor these purposes, which may be used as desired, and the retort ofwhich may be rotated whenever necessary, and the whole, or any part, ofthe apparatus conveyed to any portion of the plant for furtheroperations.

With these objects in view, my invention consists in the constructionand combinations of parts as hereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawingsFigure 1 is a side elevation showing myinvention. Fig. 2 is a horizontal cross section thereof. Fig. 3 is across section through the retort. Fig. 4 is a side elevation on a largerscale, showing part of the retort and part of the furnace, and Fig. 5 isa partial section showing part of the retort and the manner of securingthe wire netting thereon.

Referring to the drawings, A represents the retort, B the furnaceportion, and C the portion connecting the retort with the smoke stack.

The retort is composed of a cylindrical body portion 1, having at eachend an extended portion 2, forming a ridge on which the portion 3 isbolted. The part 3 is cylindrical, and open at both ends, but having oneend bent inwardly to embrace the portion 2, both ends of the retortbeing exactly similar.

4 represents a perforated plate fitting tightly against the end of theretort, a suitable packing 5 of asbestos or similar material being usedif desired. Bolts 6 pass through the bent-in end of the part 3 throughthe part 2 and through the plate 4, uniting the whole firmly together.

7 represent tubes which pass through the end plates 4, the ends of whichare secured in perforations in the plate 8, secured to the plate 4.

At the top and bottom the retort is provided with curved doors 9, hingedthereto, and with two pipes 10, each provided with a cock, such as 11,screwed into the cover. Each of the doors is mounted on a rod 12, incars 13, projecting from the body of the retort, and on the retort aremounted swinging bolts 14, adapted to swing down behind projections 15on the cover, thus firmly looking the covers in position. Any desiredmeans, however, may be adopted for fastening the covers to the retort.The top and bottom covers are precisely similar.

14 represents a layer of asbestos, or similar refractory material,placed over the outer side of the retort, including the covers, and heldin place by the wire netting 15, the ends of said netting opposite thecover portion being secured to the rods 12 by having the ends of thewires Wrapped around it, as shown at 16.

The retort is thickened at the center, and

from these thickened portions run shafts 17, one of which is providedwith a pulley 18, to which power may be applied to rotate the retort, ashereinafter described. Ordinarily, the retort is suspended from atriangular frame 19, by means of depending supports 20 therefrom,terminating in bearings 21, engaging the rods 17. When it is desired tomove the retort, the lower half of each bearing is removed.

To hold the parts A, B and C firmly bound together, in case the bearings20 are moved, I provide stout outwaidly-extending brackets 22, near thecenter of the outside of the parts 3. These brackets are firmly fastenedto the parts 3 by being bolted thereto, or made integral therewith, andhave their parts curved outwardly for engagement with the latcheshereinafter mentioned. it-h each of the brackets 22 a pivoted latch isadapted to engage, two of these latches being pivotally mounted on thepart B, and two on the part C. Each latch 23 has its end curved, asshown at 24, to pass down around the corresponding bracket 22, so thatwhen the latches are in the position shown in Fig. 1, the parts A, B andG are prevented from longitudinal movement, except as a whole, beingfirmly locked together, with the ends of the parts 3 fitting intocorresponding grooves in the parts B and C. To the parts B and C areattached Wheels 25, in the usual manner, which are adapted to run ontracks 26 so that the whole apparatus, consisting of the parts A, B andC may be moved as a whole from one part of the plant to another, thelatches being in the position shown in Fig. 1, or whereby when thelatches 23 are thrown up, the parts B and C may be separated from theretort A, whereupon the latter may be rotated by means of power appliedto the pulley 18 for a purpose hereinafter described. The part. B is thefurnace portion, and is provided with a grate 26, pipe 27 for theadmission of gaseous or liquid fuel, and door 28, provided with a latch29. Of course, any desired form of fuel could be used in the part B. Therear end of the part B is closed by a perforated plate 30, theperforations being located opposite the tubes 7 in the retort A. Aroundthis perforated plate, the rear open end of the part B is thickened, asshown at 31, and is provided with a circular groove, into which groovethe part 3 carried by the retort is adapted to fit. The part C simplyserves to carry the waste products of combustion after they have passedthrough the tubes 7 of the retort into the chimney. It consists of aflue, preferably cylindrical in form, having one end thickened, as shownat 32, said thickened end having a groove therein for the reception ofthe part 3 on one end of the retort A.

33 represents a. chimney, and 3% the flue thereof.

35 represents a cylindrical opening, into which the open end of the partC is adapted to telescope. This arrangement is adopted so that the partsB and C may be moved along the track out of engagement with the retortA, leaving the latter free to rotate.

The operation is as follows :The apparatus being in the position shownin Fig. 1, if it is desired to make gas, coke, and gas retort carbon,for example, the upper door of the retort is opened and a suitablecharge of soft coal introduced into the interior of said retort into thespace between the pipes 7. The upper door is then firmly closed, andconnections made between the discharge pipes 10 at the top of the retortleading to the gasometer, or to any place where gas is to be used. Afire is then started in the furnace B, and the hot products ofcombust-ion pass through the tubes 7, distilling the coal in the retortA, the gases passing out through the discharge pipes 10. After thisoperation has been continued for a sufficient time, to distil about halfof the coal, the latches 23 are disengaged from the brackets 22, and theparts B and G moved along the track 26 out of contact with the retort A.All the cocks in the pipes 10 being closed, the upper pipes aredisconnected from the pipes leading to the gasometer, and by means ofpower applied to the pulley 18, the retort is rotated 180 The parts Band C are then brought back into connection with the retort A, and thelatches 23 moved down into the position shown in Fig. 1. The pipes atthe top of the retort are then connected to the gas delivery pipes, andthe cocks therein opened. The distillation process is then carried on toits close, and at the end the upper pipes are disconnected from the gasdelivery pipes, and both the upper and lower doors are opened. By meansof iron rods, the coke between the pipe 7 is forced down, out throughthe lower door, leaving the pipes 7, and in fact the whole interior ofthe retort, coated with an even layer of gas carbon.

The fact that the whole interior of the retort, including the pipes, iscoated with an even layer of gas carbon, makes the retort highly usefulin the production of soda, for example, in which it is necessary thatthe substances under treatment should be subjected to the action ofcarbon under heat, and in which it is desirable that the retort shouldbe frequently rotated.

I do not restrict myself to the apparatus described in making gas, coke,and gas retort carbon, as it is useful for many other purposes, and infact is of general application.

I claim In a distillation apparatus, the combination of a furnace, aretort, a smoke stack, connecting means between said retort and saidsmoke stack, said retort being cylindrical and provided with end plates,having tubes passing therethrough, and also with covers and valved pipesconnected to said covers, a layer of asbestos covering said retort andwith wire netting securing the same in place, said furnace beingprovided with a perforated plate, the perforations in which are in linewith the tubes of the retort, said use of the furnace and saidconnecting means being from said furnace and said connecting providedwith wheels and with means for means, substantially as described. 10firmly attaching the retort to said furnace In testimony whereof, Iaffix my signaand to connecting means, whereby said apture, in presenceof two witnesses.

paratus may be moved bodily from one part PHILIP A. EMANUEL. of theplant to another on a track, and means Witneses: located outside of saidtrack for centrally W. M. EUBANKS,

supporting said retort when disconnected L. M. G. OLIVEROS.

